θ is the angle of incidence of the X-rays. When the conditions of Bragg’s Law are satisfied, constructive interference occurs, producing the diffraction peaks observed in the XRD pattern. By analyzing ...
Using X-ray pulses to illuminate nanoparticles, researchers decode diffraction patterns to construct detailed three-dimensional images. (Illustration: ETH Zürich / Daniela Rupp) In a 2D-XRD experiment ...