We often take facts we learn — like the fact that transcription factors bind to DNA — for granted. Or maybe not. See how researchers used DNA footprinting and gel shift assays to prove this idea.

This process involves two main steps: transcription and translation. During transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into a complementary RNA molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA). This ...

Thousands of scientists and plant breeders have since used that genome in their own research on the genetic makeup underlying ...