In today’s rapidly advancing technological landscape, electronic materials are the foundation of countless devices and systems that power our daily lives. From smartphones and laptops to advanced ...

The underlying processes of AHF and CS are based on four key physiological concepts: contractility, preload, afterload and electrical conductivity. Contractility or inotropy describes the heart’s ...

Electrical conductivity measures the ability of water to conduct an electrical current. The higher the concentration of dissolved charged chemicals (also known as salts) in the water, the greater the ...