The team outlines the new thermodynamic formula in “Shockley–Queisser triangle predicts the thermodynamic efficiency limits of arbitrarily complex multijunction bifacial solar cells.” ...

An Equation of State describes the equilibrium conditions of a system in terms of values of (p,v,T) that generate the equilibrium surface of state for the substance. For an Ideal Gas the equation of ...

The fuel cell thermodynamic efficiency is given by the ratio of the Gibbs function change to the Enthalpy change in the overall cell reaction. The Gibbs function change measures the electrical work ...

This new standard is called the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater (2010), or TEOS-10. In turn, standards like EOS-80 or TEOS-10 rely on other international standards that precisely define the ...