Some of the major excitatory neurotransmitters include epinephrine and norepinephrine ... as acetylcholine and dopamine, can create both excitatory and inhibitory effects depending upon the ...

When fluid therapy is not successful in reversing a shock state, adrenergic agents are used, most commonly dopamine or norepinephrine. These agents differ in their modes of action, as they affect ...

Dopamine transporter knockout (DAT KO) mice display deficits in sensorimotor gating that are manifested by reduced prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex. Since PPI deficits may ...

The effect of laughter on the so called 'stress hormones' of epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol is equivocal, with the few studies conducted thus far demonstrating some conflicting results.