Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS): UPS utilizes ultraviolet photons (typically from a He discharge lamp) to investigate the valence band structure and electronic properties of materials.

They chose to measure the photoelectron spectra using the extreme ... Based on such measurements, it was concluded that atomic-like electron spectra appear in the range of 40–85 fs.

Like the Wang group, they also used photoelectron spectroscopy to measure the electron binding energies for the clusters, and compared them with theoretical calculations for different types of ...

The PHI 5800 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) is equipped with a dual source anode (Al and Mg), a hemispherical analyzer for XPS and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analysis, including ...

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) is one of the most popular surface ... XPS involves exciting a sample's exterior with x-rays, leading to photoelectrons being emitted. An electron energy ...

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is widely used for characterizing the uppermost 10 nm of a materials surface. Also called electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA), the analytical ...