Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite: Leishmania donovani in East Africa ... bone marrow or spleen. Amastigotes are round or oval bodies ...

The management of Leishmania donova ni (LD), responsible for fatal visceral leishmaniasis (VL), faces increasing challenges due to rising drug-unresponsiveness, leading to increasing treatment ...