which utilize both thermionic emission and photovoltaic effects to maximize energy output. For instance, a three-terminal hybrid TIPV converter has been developed, demonstrating the independent ...

The study of electron emission properties of cathodes is crucial for the development of various electronic devices, particularly in the fields of vacuum electronics and thermionic emission.

Libr. 1282 [4] Dominguez-Andrade, H, et al 2019, ‘Characterisation of thermionic emission current with a laser-heated system’. Review of Scientific Instruments, vol 90., pp. 045110 [5] EP/K030302/1 ...

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Ubiquitous in the field of electric propulsion, thermionic hollow cathodes are electron sources which utilize thermionic emission from a low work function insert material to achieve large extracted ...

The Thermo Fisher Apreo 2 Variable Pressure Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) is a thermionic field emission high resolution scanning electron microscope. The Apreo 2 FE-SEM is an ...