After 65 years of uninterrupted rule, Singapore’s People’s Action Party (PAP) is bracing for one of its toughest electoral battles yet, with Prime Minister Lawrence Wong signalling a shift in ...

Perform a Pap smear when the patient is in the proliferative phase (in the week following cessation of menses). The patient should avoid intercourse or intravaginal products/douches for 24-48 ...

CIN can be detected through your routine pap smear exam and is most commonly caused by one of the 100 subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV). Depending on your age, risk factors for cervical cancer, ...

The present systematic review and meta-analysis component with summary estimates focused on HPV prevalence among women with normal cytology. We included quantitative studies (cross-sectional, cohort, ...

The cervical cells are first of all tested for the HPV virus. If high risk HPV is found, the laboratory will test the sample for cell changes. You might also hear this test called a smear test. This ...

Bacterial toxins are toxic substances that are produced and released by bacteria to target other bacterial or host cells. Bacteria often have antitoxins to avoid the deleterious effects of toxins ...

The sample analyzed in the latest study is part of a larger rock weighing 5.2 grams, and was found to contain «filamentous» microorganisms very similar to Earth’s prokaryotic bacteria. Images of ...

They appeared on the rock and spread with time before finally dying off.” The team observed filamentous structures that they interpreted as microorganisms, likely belonging to common bacterial groups ...