PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The proper use of central venous pressure requires a good understanding of basic measurement techniques and features of the waveform. RECENT FINDINGS: If attention is not paid ...

Cardiac filling pressures including the central venous pressure and pulmonary artery ... variation derived from analysis of the arterial waveform, the stroke volume variation derived from pulse ...

Unlike previous discussions on this topic, we set aside considerations of venous return and ventricular preload, as important as they are, to focus exclusively on the hydraulic load within the ...