The sinuses are lined with ciliated stratified columnar epithelium and are contiguous with the upper respiratory tract via the sinus ostia. Inflammation of the sinuses causes mucosal edema and ...

They remain connected to the nasal cavity via narrow ostia with a lumen diameter of 1 to 3 mm. The sinuses are lined with mucoperiosteum, which is thinner and less richly supplied with blood ...

1 = Upper sinus venosus defect 2 = Lower sinus venosus defect 3 = Ostium secundum atrial septal defect 4 = Coronary sinus atrial septal defect 5 = Ostium Primum atrial septal defect The murmur ...

1 = Upper sinus venosus defect 2 = Lower sinus venosus defect 3 = Ostium secundum atrial septal defect 4 = Coronary sinus atrial septal defect 5 = Ostium Primum atrial septal defect The murmur ...

unless gross purulent discharge is visible through the sinus ostium and is available for culture. Therefore, the initial approach to management is often clinical, based on history and physical ...