HIV is different in structure from other retroviruses. The HIV virion is ~100 nm in diameter. Its innermost region consists of a cone-shaped core that includes two copies of the (positive sense) ssRNA genome, the enzymes reverse transcriptase, integrase and protease, some minor proteins, and the major core protein. [8] .

1.1 Characteristics of HIV. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is grouped to the genus Lentivirus within the family of Retroviridae, subfamily Orthoretrovirinae . On the basis of genetic characteristics and differences in the viral antigens, HIV is …

HIV is a bloodborne pathogen that is spread across mucus membranes. The HIV attaches to CD4 molecule and CCR5 (a chemokine co-receptor), the virus surface fuses with the cellular membrane which allows it entry into a T-helper lymphocyte.

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was first isolated in 1983 (Barré-Sinoussi et al., 1983; Gallo et al., 1983), and firmly associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1984 (Gallo et al., 1984; Montagnier et al., 1984).

2024年5月7日 · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (infection with either HIV-1 or HIV-2) destroys CD4+ lymphocytes and impairs cell-mediated immunity, increasing risk of certain infections and cancers. Initial infection may cause nonspecific febrile illness.

HIV is an approximately 100 nm icosahedral structure with 72 external spikes that are formed by the two major envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41. Two major types of the AIDS virus, HIV- 1 and HIV-2, have been identified. The major serological differences reside in …

The human immunodeficiency viruses 1 and 2 (HIV-1, HIV-2) originated from the simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) of primates. Thus, HIV-1 and HIV-2 each had a zoonotic origin but now spread directly from human to human. HIV-1 was first isolated in 1983 and HIV-2 in 1986 and they represent two different epidemics.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is composed of two strands of RNA, 15 types of viral proteins, and a few proteins from the last host cell it infected, all surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Together, these molecules allow the virus to infect cells of the immune system and force them to build new copies of the virus.