Using Akmal Gafurov’s innovative A-E-M paradigm on socio-behavioral incentives and Gordon Anderson’s additional I-motive, this paper seeks to explain how incentives worked for the PRC in the last seven decades.

2025年1月16日 · Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, and Xi Jinping were transformational leaders to pursue a revolutionary foreign policy, developmental foreign policy, and big-power foreign policy respectively. The second type is transactional leaders.

2024年9月18日 · Explore the influential leaders of China, from Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping to Xi Jinping. Discover their achievements and impacts on modern China.

Deng Xiaoping quoted Mao to justify many of his reforms but Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao avoided what has been called the “Mao stain”. The trauma of the Cultural Revolution cast “governing according to Mao” in a very negative light.

Xi Jinping’s apparent assertiveness and emphasis on party discipline3 has led many conclude that he is China’s most powerful leader since Mao Zedong, the man who led the Communist Party to victory in 1949 and who dominated the politics of the People’s Republic until his death in September 1976. Many pundits go further, seeing Xi as a new ...

Mao Zedong in 1956 and reenergized by Deng Xiaoping in 1982, the integration of military and civilian technologies is a key component of China’s strategy. Successive leaders, from Mao to Xi Jinping, have advanced various aspects of MCF. The 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) emphasises MCF as a central strategy for China, intending to boost

Mao Zedong (1893-1976) was one of the historic figures of the twentieth century. A founder of the CCP (Chinese Communist Party), he played a major role in the establishment of the Red Army and the development of a defensible base area in Jiangxi province during the …

2024年7月10日 · There is not one, but at least three different Chinas since 1949—Mao, Deng, and Xi. Deng’s capitalist revolution delivered the first Chinese Gilded Age.

2018年5月1日 · Xi Jinping’s maritime strategy systematically sets forth the major theoretical and practical issues in constructing a maritime superpower, and is the continuation and development of the maritime thinking of the Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and other generations of central collective leadership.

This chapter focuses on the history of China's development aid policy to Africa, which will be divided into four sections covering Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping's respective leaderships, the post-Tiananmen phase and developments from 2005 onwards.